Abstract This article investigates natural convection with double-diffusive properties numerically in a vertical bi-layered square enclosure.The cavity has two parts: one part is an isotropic and homogeneous porous along the wall, and an adjacent part is an aqueous fluid.Adiabatic, impermeable horizontal walls and constant and uniform temperatures
This study assesses the major chemical processes leading to acid extremes in a small, moorland stream in mid-Wales, UK, which has been monitored since 1979.Results suggest that base cation (mainly calcium) dilution, the Power Control Board "sea-salt effect", and elevated nitrate pulses, are the major causes of seasonal/episodic minima in
In underwater unmanned vehicles, complex acoustic transducer arrays are always used to transmitting sound waves to detect and position underwater targets.Two methods of obtaining low-sidelobe transmitting beampatterns for acoustic transmitting arrays of underwater vehicles are investigated.The first method is the boundary element model optimization